Short answer: Yes
Within the Leschenault Biosecurity Group’s Operational Area, Calicivirus RHDV1 K5 (K5) remains an effective rabbit control tool when used as part of an integrated rabbit management approach. Based on our group’s release program experience, outcomes, including most recent landholder feedback from our 2024–25 Summer Calicivirus K5 Release Program, well-timed releases continue to deliver meaningful reductions in rabbit activity, particularly when followed up with complementary control actions.
Does this mean it always works? No
Consistent with outcomes over several years of our group’s K5 Release experience, these virus releases typically result in a significant reduction in rabbit numbers on participating properties. However, results can vary. In some cases, a release may have limited or not observable effect on one property, while a neighbouring property can have great control outcomes.
Understanding longevity of effectiveness – Like all strains of the Calicivirus rabbit biocontrol, the effectiveness of Calicivirus RHDV1 K5 is influenced by an ongoing interaction between virus transmission and rabbit immunity (both genetic and acquired), as well as the presence of other circulating caliciviruses. As immunity gradually builds within rabbit populations, the impact of any single virus strain may reduce over time. National research indicates that for RHDV1-K5, which was released in Australia in early 2017, signs of declining effectiveness are typically expected over a 10–15 year timeframe, rather than ceasing suddenly.
Effectiveness can vary between regions and seasons, and continued success depends heavily on local conditions, timing of release, and integration with other control methods.
Leschenault Biosecurity Group continues to promote Calicivirus RHDV1 K5 as a valuable component of an integrated, long-term rabbit control strategy within our Operational Area.
Find out more about biocontrol for rabbits at:
www.csiro.au/en/research/animals/pests/biological-control-of-rabbits
Find out more about Calicivirus RHDV1 K5 at:
www.pestsmart.org.au/toolkit-resource/frequently-asked-questions-about-rhdv1-k5/
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